The impact of common infections on school absenteeism during an academic year.
Identifieur interne : 000204 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000203; suivant : 000205The impact of common infections on school absenteeism during an academic year.
Auteurs : Ernestina Azor-Martínez [Espagne] ; Yolada Gonzalez-Jimenez [Espagne] ; Maria Luisa Seijas-Vazquez [Espagne] ; Elena Cobos-Carrascosa [Espagne] ; Joaquin Santisteban-Martínez [Espagne] ; Jose Miguel Martínez-L Pez [Espagne] ; Esperanza Jimenez-Noguera [Espagne] ; María Del Mar Galan-Requena [Espagne] ; Pablo Garrido-Fernández [Espagne] ; Jenna M. Strizzi [Espagne] ; Francisco Gimenez-Sanchez [Espagne]Source :
- American journal of infection control [ 1527-3296 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Absentéisme (MeSH), Désinfectants pour les mains (usage thérapeutique), Enfant (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Espagne (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Grippe humaine (prévention et contrôle), Humains (MeSH), Hygiène des mains (méthodes), Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (prévention et contrôle), Maladies gastro-intestinales (microbiologie), Maladies gastro-intestinales (prévention et contrôle), Mâle (MeSH), Prévention des infections (méthodes), Établissements scolaires (statistiques et données numériques).
- MESH :
- microbiologie : Maladies gastro-intestinales.
- méthodes : Hygiène des mains, Prévention des infections.
- prévention et contrôle : Grippe humaine, Infections de l'appareil respiratoire, Maladies gastro-intestinales.
- statistiques et données numériques : Établissements scolaires.
- usage thérapeutique : Désinfectants pour les mains.
- Absentéisme, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Espagne, Femelle, Humains, Mâle.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Espagne.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Absenteeism (MeSH), Child (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Gastrointestinal Diseases (microbiology), Gastrointestinal Diseases (prevention & control), Hand Hygiene (methods), Hand Sanitizers (therapeutic use), Humans (MeSH), Infection Control (methods), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Male (MeSH), Respiratory Tract Infections (prevention & control), Schools (statistics & numerical data), Spain (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Hand Sanitizers.
- geographic : Spain.
- methods : Hand Hygiene, Infection Control.
- microbiology : Gastrointestinal Diseases.
- prevention & control : Gastrointestinal Diseases, Influenza, Human, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- statistics & numerical data : Schools.
- Absenteeism, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
School absenteeism because of infections is one of the most important problems facing both public and private primary schools. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of infections on school absenteeism and their reduction with a handwashing program using hand sanitizer.
METHODS
The study was an 8-month-long, randomized, controlled open study (N = 1,609 children, aged 4-12 years old) at 5 state schools in Almeria (Spain). The experimental group (EG) washed their hands with soap and water, complemented with the use of hand sanitizer, and the control group (CG) followed the usual handwashing procedure. The total number of episodes and days missed as well as those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections were compared in both groups with a Z-test.
RESULTS
The students were absent 12,386 days in 7,945 episodes. The incidence of total absent episodes and percent of missed days, including those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections, were significantly lower in the EG than the CG (P < .001), and this was maintained through the flu pandemic period.
CONCLUSION
School absenteeism because of infections in schools is reduced when a hand hygiene program utilizing sanitizing gels is properly carried out, especially during the flu season.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.02.017
PubMed: 24837113
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Strizzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidad de Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" sort="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" uniqKey="Gimenez Sanchez F" first="Francisco" last="Gimenez-Sanchez">Francisco Gimenez-Sanchez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:24837113</idno><idno type="pmid">24837113</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ajic.2014.02.017</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">00209</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">00209</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000209</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000209</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000209</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The impact of common infections on school absenteeism during an academic year.</title><author><name sortKey="Azor Martinez, Ernestina" sort="Azor Martinez, Ernestina" uniqKey="Azor Martinez E" first="Ernestina" last="Azor-Martínez">Ernestina Azor-Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería, España. Electronic address: eazorm@yahoo.es.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Jimenez, Yolada" sort="Gonzalez Jimenez, Yolada" uniqKey="Gonzalez Jimenez Y" first="Yolada" last="Gonzalez-Jimenez">Yolada Gonzalez-Jimenez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seijas Vazquez, Maria Luisa" sort="Seijas Vazquez, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Seijas Vazquez M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Seijas-Vazquez">Maria Luisa Seijas-Vazquez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cobos Carrascosa, Elena" sort="Cobos Carrascosa, Elena" uniqKey="Cobos Carrascosa E" first="Elena" last="Cobos-Carrascosa">Elena Cobos-Carrascosa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Santisteban Martinez, Joaquin" sort="Santisteban Martinez, Joaquin" uniqKey="Santisteban Martinez J" first="Joaquin" last="Santisteban-Martínez">Joaquin Santisteban-Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidad de Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez L Pez, Jose Miguel" sort="Martinez L Pez, Jose Miguel" uniqKey="Martinez L Pez J" first="Jose Miguel" last="Martínez-L Pez">Jose Miguel Martínez-L Pez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidad de Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jimenez Noguera, Esperanza" sort="Jimenez Noguera, Esperanza" uniqKey="Jimenez Noguera E" first="Esperanza" last="Jimenez-Noguera">Esperanza Jimenez-Noguera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galan Requena, Maria Del Mar" sort="Galan Requena, Maria Del Mar" uniqKey="Galan Requena M" first="María Del Mar" last="Galan-Requena">María Del Mar Galan-Requena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garrido Fernandez, Pablo" sort="Garrido Fernandez, Pablo" uniqKey="Garrido Fernandez P" first="Pablo" last="Garrido-Fernández">Pablo Garrido-Fernández</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Estadistico de la Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria Andalucía Oriental Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Estadistico de la Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria Andalucía Oriental Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Granada</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strizzi, Jenna M" sort="Strizzi, Jenna M" uniqKey="Strizzi J" first="Jenna M" last="Strizzi">Jenna M. Strizzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidad de Almería, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" sort="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" uniqKey="Gimenez Sanchez F" first="Francisco" last="Gimenez-Sanchez">Francisco Gimenez-Sanchez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Almería</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">American journal of infection control</title><idno type="eISSN">1527-3296</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Absenteeism (MeSH)</term><term>Child (MeSH)</term><term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Gastrointestinal Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Gastrointestinal Diseases (prevention & control)</term><term>Hand Hygiene (methods)</term><term>Hand Sanitizers (therapeutic use)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Infection Control (methods)</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (prevention & control)</term><term>Schools (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Spain (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Absentéisme (MeSH)</term><term>Désinfectants pour les mains (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Enfant (MeSH)</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term><term>Espagne (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Grippe humaine (prévention et contrôle)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Hygiène des mains (méthodes)</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (prévention et contrôle)</term><term>Maladies gastro-intestinales (microbiologie)</term><term>Maladies gastro-intestinales (prévention et contrôle)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Prévention des infections (méthodes)</term><term>Établissements scolaires (statistiques et données numériques)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Hand Sanitizers</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Spain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Hand Hygiene</term><term>Infection Control</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladies gastro-intestinales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Gastrointestinal Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="méthodes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hygiène des mains</term><term>Prévention des infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Gastrointestinal Diseases</term><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prévention et contrôle" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire</term><term>Maladies gastro-intestinales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Schools</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Établissements scolaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Désinfectants pour les mains</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Absenteeism</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Absentéisme</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Espagne</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Espagne</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>School absenteeism because of infections is one of the most important problems facing both public and private primary schools. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of infections on school absenteeism and their reduction with a handwashing program using hand sanitizer.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>The study was an 8-month-long, randomized, controlled open study (N = 1,609 children, aged 4-12 years old) at 5 state schools in Almeria (Spain). The experimental group (EG) washed their hands with soap and water, complemented with the use of hand sanitizer, and the control group (CG) followed the usual handwashing procedure. The total number of episodes and days missed as well as those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections were compared in both groups with a Z-test.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>The students were absent 12,386 days in 7,945 episodes. The incidence of total absent episodes and percent of missed days, including those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections, were significantly lower in the EG than the CG (P < .001), and this was maintained through the flu pandemic period.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>School absenteeism because of infections in schools is reduced when a hand hygiene program utilizing sanitizing gels is properly carried out, especially during the flu season.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">24837113</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2014</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>19</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1527-3296</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>42</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>Jun</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>American journal of infection control</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am J Infect Control</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The impact of common infections on school absenteeism during an academic year.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>632-7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.ajic.2014.02.017</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0196-6553(14)00133-3</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">School absenteeism because of infections is one of the most important problems facing both public and private primary schools. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of infections on school absenteeism and their reduction with a handwashing program using hand sanitizer.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The study was an 8-month-long, randomized, controlled open study (N = 1,609 children, aged 4-12 years old) at 5 state schools in Almeria (Spain). The experimental group (EG) washed their hands with soap and water, complemented with the use of hand sanitizer, and the control group (CG) followed the usual handwashing procedure. The total number of episodes and days missed as well as those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections were compared in both groups with a Z-test.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The students were absent 12,386 days in 7,945 episodes. The incidence of total absent episodes and percent of missed days, including those because of upper respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections, were significantly lower in the EG than the CG (P < .001), and this was maintained through the flu pandemic period.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">School absenteeism because of infections in schools is reduced when a hand hygiene program utilizing sanitizing gels is properly carried out, especially during the flu season.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2014 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Azor-Martínez</LastName><ForeName>Ernestina</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería, España. Electronic address: eazorm@yahoo.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gonzalez-Jimenez</LastName><ForeName>Yolada</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seijas-Vazquez</LastName><ForeName>Maria Luisa</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Almería, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cobos-Carrascosa</LastName><ForeName>Elena</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Santisteban-Martínez</LastName><ForeName>Joaquin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martínez-López</LastName><ForeName>Jose Miguel</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jimenez-Noguera</LastName><ForeName>Esperanza</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Galan-Requena</LastName><ForeName>María del Mar</ForeName><Initials>Mdel M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garrido-Fernández</LastName><ForeName>Pablo</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Estadistico de la Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria Andalucía Oriental Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Strizzi</LastName><ForeName>Jenna M</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Universidad de Almería, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gimenez-Sanchez</LastName><ForeName>Francisco</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Am J Infect Control</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8004854</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0196-6553</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D064548">Hand Sanitizers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000041" MajorTopicYN="N">Absenteeism</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005767" MajorTopicYN="N">Gastrointestinal Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D063373" MajorTopicYN="N">Hand Hygiene</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064548" MajorTopicYN="N">Hand Sanitizers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017053" MajorTopicYN="N">Infection Control</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012141" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Tract Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012574" MajorTopicYN="N">Schools</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Spain</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Absent</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Gastrointestinal infections</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hand sanitizer</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Handwashing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">School children</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Upper respiratory infections</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2013</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2014</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2014</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24837113</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0196-6553(14)00133-3</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.ajic.2014.02.017</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Azor Martinez, Ernestina" sort="Azor Martinez, Ernestina" uniqKey="Azor Martinez E" first="Ernestina" last="Azor-Martínez">Ernestina Azor-Martínez</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cobos Carrascosa, Elena" sort="Cobos Carrascosa, Elena" uniqKey="Cobos Carrascosa E" first="Elena" last="Cobos-Carrascosa">Elena Cobos-Carrascosa</name><name sortKey="Galan Requena, Maria Del Mar" sort="Galan Requena, Maria Del Mar" uniqKey="Galan Requena M" first="María Del Mar" last="Galan-Requena">María Del Mar Galan-Requena</name><name sortKey="Garrido Fernandez, Pablo" sort="Garrido Fernandez, Pablo" uniqKey="Garrido Fernandez P" first="Pablo" last="Garrido-Fernández">Pablo Garrido-Fernández</name><name sortKey="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" sort="Gimenez Sanchez, Francisco" uniqKey="Gimenez Sanchez F" first="Francisco" last="Gimenez-Sanchez">Francisco Gimenez-Sanchez</name><name sortKey="Gonzalez Jimenez, Yolada" sort="Gonzalez Jimenez, Yolada" uniqKey="Gonzalez Jimenez Y" first="Yolada" last="Gonzalez-Jimenez">Yolada Gonzalez-Jimenez</name><name sortKey="Jimenez Noguera, Esperanza" sort="Jimenez Noguera, Esperanza" uniqKey="Jimenez Noguera E" first="Esperanza" last="Jimenez-Noguera">Esperanza Jimenez-Noguera</name><name sortKey="Martinez L Pez, Jose Miguel" sort="Martinez L Pez, Jose Miguel" uniqKey="Martinez L Pez J" first="Jose Miguel" last="Martínez-L Pez">Jose Miguel Martínez-L Pez</name><name sortKey="Santisteban Martinez, Joaquin" sort="Santisteban Martinez, Joaquin" uniqKey="Santisteban Martinez J" first="Joaquin" last="Santisteban-Martínez">Joaquin Santisteban-Martínez</name><name sortKey="Seijas Vazquez, Maria Luisa" sort="Seijas Vazquez, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Seijas Vazquez M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Seijas-Vazquez">Maria Luisa Seijas-Vazquez</name><name sortKey="Strizzi, Jenna M" sort="Strizzi, Jenna M" uniqKey="Strizzi J" first="Jenna M" last="Strizzi">Jenna M. Strizzi</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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